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Muscle car is a term used to refer to a variety of high performance automobiles. The term principally refers to American, Australian and to a lesser extent South African models. It generally describes a 2-door rear wheel drive mid-size car with a large, powerful V8 engine, and at an affordable price. Although opinions vary, it is generally accepted that classic muscle cars were produced in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Muscle cars were built for street use and in some cases racing. They are distinct from sports cars and also from GTs, which are two-seat or 2+2 cars intended for high-speed touring/road racing. These are not generally considered muscle cars owing to their small size, relatively high cost and specialty nature. (The two-seater AMC AMX may or may not be an exception: one source queries whether it qualifies as a true muscle car or pony car, but also lists it among vehicles that fit the general interpretation of both categories. AMC was "never shy" about describing the car as "a genuine sports car" as it was relatively inexpensive).
For a definition from the muscle car era, Peter Henshaw's 2004 book Muscle Cars refers the reader to an extract from Road Test magazine’s June 1967 issue: "Just what is a Muscle Car? Exactly what the name implies. It is a product of the American car industry adhering to the hot rodder's philosophy of taking a small car and putting a BIG engine in it The Muscle Car is Charles Atlas kicking sand in the face of the 98 hp (73 kW) weakling." Henshaw adds that the muscle car was designed for straight-line speed, and did not have the "sophisticated chassis", "engineering integrity" or "lithe appearance" of European high-performance cars
Opinions vary as to whether high-performance full-size cars, compacts, and pony cars qualify as muscle cars.
Classic muscle cars are also defined by age and country of origin. The term "muscle car" did not enter common usage until after production of the vehicles had essentially ended, and American print media of the era commonly referred to them as "supercars".
Australia
Chrysler
VH model
- 1971-1972 Charger R/T E37 (101 built)
- 1971-1972 Charger R/T E38 - 280 bhp (210 kW) - 3 Speed Gearbox (Track pack and Big tank were options and a fully blueprinted engine) (316 built)
- 1972-1973 Charger R/T E48 (2 built)
- 1972-1973 Charger R/T E49 - 302 bhp (225 kW) - 4 Speed Gearbox (Track pack and Big tank were options and a fully blueprinted engine) (149 built)
- 1972-1973 Charger S/E E55 - 275 bhp (205 kW) - 727 Torqueflite Auto (340 cubic inch Chrysler LA engine) (124 built)
- 1969-1971 Valiant Hardtop (318 or 360ci V8s)
VJ model (R/T nomenclature dropped) were:
- 1973-1974 Charger E48 (169 built)
- 1973 Charger E49 (4 built)
- 1973-1974 Charger 770 E55 (212 built)
Ford
- 1967 XR Falcon GT (289)
- 1968 XT Falcon GT (302)
- 1969–1970 XW Falcon GT (351)
- 1969–1970 XW Falcon/Fairmont GS 302 and 351
- 1969 XW Falcon GTHO Phase I (351W)
- 1970 XW Falcon GTHO Phase II (351C)
- 1970-1971 XY Falcon/Fairmont GS 302 and 351
- 1970-1971 XY Falcon GT (351)
- 1971 XY Falcon Phase III GTHO (351)
- 1972 XA Falcon Phase IV GTHO 4 door (only four made: three prototypes, one production) (351)
- 1972–1973 XA Falcon GT hardtop coupe/4 Door Sedan (351)
- 1972–1973 XA Falcon GS Hardtop/Sedan/Ute (302, 351)
- 1973 XA Falcon Superbird (302)
- 1973–1976 XB Falcon GT hardtop coupe/4 Door Sedan (351)
- 1973–1976 XB Falcon/Fairmont GS Hardtop/Sedan/Ute (302, 351)
- 1974–1975 XB Falcon John Goss Special (302)
- 1978 XC Falcon Cobra 5.8, Bathurst Homologation
Holden
- 1968–1969 HK Monaro GTS (327)
- 1969–1970 HT Monaro GTS (350)
- 1970–1971 HG Monaro GTS (350)
- 1971–1974 HQ Monaro GTS (350)
- 1974–1976 HJ Monaro GTS (308)
- 1970–1971 LC Torana GTR XU-1 (186)
- 1972–1973 LJ Torana GTR XU-1 (202)
- 1974–1976 LH Torana SL/R 5000 (308)
- 1974 LH Torana SL/R 5000 L34 (308)
- 1976–1978 LX Torana SL/R 5000 (308)
- 1976–1978 LX Torana SS (308)
- 1977 LX Torana SL/R 5000 A9X (308)
- 1977 LX Torana SS A9X (308)
Leyland
- P76 "Force Seven". This was a coupe version of the Leyland P76, and the company's answer to the Holden Monaro GTS, Ford Falcon GT and Chrysler Valiant Charger. The company ran into financial difficulties and ceased Australian production before the Force Seven could be released. The eight completed examples were sold at auction.
See also
- Pony car
- Personal luxury car
References
- ^ Koch, Jeff. "The First Muscle Car: Older Than You" Hemmings Muscle Machines - October 1, 2004, retrieved on 2008-06-16.
- ^ The Merriam-Webster definition is more limiting, "any of a group of American-made 2-door sports coupes with powerful engines designed for high-performance driving."car "muscle car." Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved on 16 June 2008.
- ^ a b c "Muscle Car Definition" Muscle Car Club Muscle, undated, retrieved on 2008-06-16.
- ^ Sherman, Don. "Muscle Cars Now Worth Millions" The New York Times, June 4, 2006, retrieved on 2008-06-16.
- ^ Classic Muscle Cars Library, How Stuff Works, undated, retrieved on 2008-06-16.
- ^ "Muscle Car Definition" by Muscle Car Society, undated, retrieved on 2008-06-16.
- ^ "AMC AMC History", Muscle Car Club. Retrieved on June 17, 2008.
- ^ "Musclecars Definition", Muscle Car Club". Retrieved on June 17, 2008.
- ^ "1970 AMC AMX" by the Auto Editors of Consumer Guide, not dated, retrieved on 2008-01-28.
- ^ a b c Henshaw, Peter (2004): Muscle Cars, Thunder Bay Press. ISBN 1-59223-303-1
- ^ Mueller, Mike (1997). Motor City Muscle: The High-Powered History of the American Muscle Car. MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company. pp. 13. ISBN 978-0760301968. http://books.google.com/books?id=ZLP8kKL4w2kC&pg=PA13&dq=muscle+car+definition&ei=p-VWSLmdGI2ujAHm7IyYDA&sig=1gfGWDPXRhwQ0Eje4wDa7Cs1Z2g#PPA13,M1.
- ^ Example of the "supercar" term is in the article "1957 Rambler Rebel" by the Auto Editors of Consumer Guide, retrieved on February 6, 2008.
- ^ Mueller, Mike (2004). The Essential Muscle Car. MotorBooks/MBI Publishing Company. introduction. ISBN 978-0760319666. http://books.google.com/books?id=k3ltirdN8_cC&pg=PT11&dq=Supercars+moniker+muscle+cars&ei=x-pWSI6hL6bQigG90fSLDA&sig=rSEsbpTa0ibTuwKZGiBM0s41HJw.
- ^ a b "The Birth of Muscle Cars" by the auto editors of Consumer Guide. Retrieved on June 03, 2008.
- ^ a b Musclecars magazine, 1994.
- ^ Nerad, Jack. "Oldsmobile Rocket 88", Driving Today.
- ^ Dulcich, Steve: "Rocket Man" article in Popular Hot Rodding. Retrieved on June 07, 2008.
- ^ Chrysler 300 article by the editors at Edmunds.com. Retrieved on June 05, 2008.
- ^ 1957-1960 "Rambler Rebel" by the auto editors of Consumer Guide. Retrieved on June 03, 2008.
- ^ a b "AMC Muscle Cars" by the auto editors of Consumer Guide. Retrieved on June 03, 2008.
- ^ Shaw, Tom: "Anatomy of a Lightweight", Legendary Ford magazine, December 2005.
- ^
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